Biodiversity and Environmental Health is one of the two educational paths of the MSc program in Biology of the University of Siena. The course aims to provide insights into the field of biodiversity and the ways of its interlinking with planetary health. Themes in the areas of microbial, fungal, plant and animal diversity will be covered, either by lectures and laboratory based activities. Modules focusing on conservation biology and resource management will be addressed to train students on environmental sustainability, by defining the role of living organisms within ecosystems and applying monitoring and control techniques in order to preserve their diversity. Critical issues concerning the contribution of biodiversity to the development of pharmaceuticals and the quality and safety control of food sources will be also considered. Altogether, the course is designed to prepare a new generation of experts able to research and apply integrated approaches to biodiversity and planet health.