The purpose of this focus area is to train environmental graduates considered generalists for managing the full
spectrum of human-environment-economic interactions. On completion of the training, candidates should be
conversant and be able to partake in, or render advice concerning, all aspects involved in managing social,
economic and environmental processes in a sustainable manner. This includes social and environmental impact
assessment, policy formulation, social development and planning, eco-system structure, composition and
function, ecosystem services, ecosystem health, invasive species, species and community restoration,
conservation education, local communities and conservation, economic inefficiency, misallocation, market failure,
policy failure, the economics of renewable and non-renewable resources, cost-benefit analysis, valuation of
environmental goods and services and environmental accounting.