BACKGROUND Natural resources in marine and coastal areas are of high economic importance for Pacific island countries and sustain the livelihoods of coastal communities. However, the need to conserve and use marine resources sustainably is not sufficiently reflected in national planning processes, due in part to a lack of information regarding their economic value. Existing marine protected areas (MPAs) have often been developed opportunistically, lack a clear design and spatial planning process, and are not managed in a way to secure associated biodiversity and ecosystem services. Improved management of marine and coastal biodiversity on volcanic islands (Fiji, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu) and atolls (Tonga) will help countries to meet their commitments under the CBD Strategic Plan

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