At the 2004 World Conservation Congress, IUCN’s Members approved Resolution WCC 2004 RES 013 (https://portals.iucn.org/library/node/44299), which mandated a worldwide consultative process to agree a methodology to enable countries to identify Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs), across terrestrial and aquatic environments. This process was led by SSC and WCPA over the subsequent years, culminating in approval of the “Global Standard for Identification of Key Biodiversity Areas” (https://portals.iucn.org/library/node/46259) by IUCN Council (Decision C/88/25), and in the launch of the KBA Programme and Partnership (http://www.keybiodiversityareas.org/kba-partners) at the 2016 World Conservation Congress in