Background The project objective is to enhance ecosystem services in multiple landscapes of the Sayan and Khangai mountains and southern Gobi by reducing rangeland and forest degradation, and conserving biodiversity through sustainable livelihoods. For the first time in Mongolia, the project will apply the Global Environment Facility (GEF) multi-focal area approach by simultaneously integrating biodiversity conservation and sustainable land and forest management. It aims at applying best practice and innovative green development approaches at landscape scale and demonstrate how green development can deliver improved biodiversity and ecosystem services and resilience at landscape scale within the context of a changing climate. The project’s overall budget is $7.8 million and the pro