Why is it so hard to predict population dynamics of rodents both in urban and rural landscapes? We think that behavioural change of individuals under different demographic and environmental conditions plays a key role. An enhanced understanding of this aspect will lead to more effective actions by the terrain managing organisations. The animal movement ecology group at the University of Amsterdam is developing ideas and enhancing our understanding through closely linked monitoring and predictive modeling with parameter rich models in two different systems: rural areas with muskrat and coypu and urban landscapes with brown rat as focal species. In both systems, population size will be monitored along with biodiversity, relevant environmental and anthropogenic variables. Also, small exper